Bangkok: Experts say the ceiling collapse in Parliament was not related to the main structure, likely due to a faulty ceiling fastening system or water leak. They urge a thorough inspection of the entire building to prevent a recurrence.
According to Thai News Agency, following the ceiling collapse in the B2 floor cafeteria of the Parliament building on September 13th, Prof. Dr. Amorn Pimanamas, President of the Structural Engineers Association of Thailand and a professor at the Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, commented that the exact cause is still unknown. However, he noted five points regarding the collapse.
Firstly, there could be problems from water leaks and moisture accumulation. It is crucial to check for water pipes, drain pipes, and air conditioning pipes above the ceiling. If there are leaks causing water to accumulate on the ceiling panels, the weight of the water-saturated ceiling will increase, causing the panels to rot until the weight exceeds the capacity of the supporting structure, leading to collapse.
Secondly, the quality of the ceiling panels and the strength of their attachment to the ceiling frame must be checked. Ensuring that the ceiling panels are moisture-resistant is especially important in high-humidity areas like kitchens and bathrooms. Additionally, the type, quantity, size, and length of the ceiling screws must be checked to ensure they are appropriate for the frame. Using unsuitable screws could loosen the holes, leading to ceiling collapse.
Thirdly, the installation of the ceiling panels must be checked, particularly the spacing between the panels, to ensure it meets standards. If the spacing is too wide, the ceiling may not be able to support its weight. Additionally, the suspension points for the ceiling panels to the floor must be checked to ensure there are sufficient points and the fastening methods are correct.
Fourthly, it is necessary to check for excess weight on the ceiling. Any equipment or materials, such as electrical wires or plumbing, above or on top of the ceiling could cause it to sag and collapse due to excessive weight.
Lastly, regular inspection and maintenance are crucial. Ceilings that have been in use for a long time may accumulate moisture and show water stains, so regular inspection is necessary.
Professor Dr. Amorn further stated that, from the photos of the collapsed ceiling, there is no indication of a connection to the building's main structure. However, the problem is more likely related to the ceiling panel system, framing, suspension system, fasteners, and water leaks. Termites are unlikely to be the primary problem because modern suspended ceiling systems and gypsum boards do not contain wood components that termites can damage. However, termites might eat the ceiling covering paper, which could affect the structural integrity of the panels, so this should also be investigated.
Finally, the Parliament is urged to re-inspect the ceiling fastening system and the condition of the ceiling panels throughout the Parliament building before a similar incident recurs. Key areas to watch for include water stains, moisture, swollen or warped ceiling panels, cracks, rust on the frame, loose fasteners, or abnormal movement. Early detection allows for repairs before collapse occurs.